22.4. Repair of insignificant damages of a body
Processing of scratches of a body
If scratch superficial also does not reach metal, wipe area around scratch with an obnovitel of paint or fine-grained abrasive paste. Wash out a surface clear water. Apply on scratch a brush a paint coat and let's it dry. Continue to apply paint to the level of a paint and varnish surface. Let's paint harden within 2 weeks and then polish. Polish the site of a surface of a body by means of wax paste.
If scratch, having damaged paint, got into body metal, remove with a tip of a sharp knife a rust from scratch. Apply rust solvent according to the instruction. Apply with the pallet on scratch spackling paste. After its full drying paint over and polish the damaged site.
Repair of dents in a body design
At deep cave-in of elements of a design of a body first of all try to curve a dent before the maximum approach to a normal form of a body. Body metal in the place of blow is exposed to a pulling therefore the complete recovery of an initial form is impossible. Alignment of a dent about 3 mm lower than the level of a surrounding surface is considered optimum. If there is an access to dent inside, it is necessary to correct accurately it the hammer with wooden or plastic brisk. During this operation it is necessary to press densely to outer side of the corrected area the wooden whetstone suitable by the size. It is required for depreciation of blows of the hammer and prevention of a flexure of more extensive area. If the dent is in that area of a body where access from a reverse side is complicated or impossible, drill several small openings in the deepest points of a dent, screw the self-cutting screws in them and extend a dent by means of flat-nose pliers for the acting heads of screws.
Remove paint from the damaged area and at distance of 20 mm around it. The easiest to make it the wire brush or an emery paper got on the circle fixed in the electric drill. After alignment of a dent apply on it a layer of hard putty, paint and polish.
Hard putty and painting of a body
When performing spackling works it is necessary to have the wide flexible plastic or nylon pallet for giving of smoothness of a surface of hard putty. Level hard putty on the damaged site of a body so that to give it the required form and smoothness. As soon as it was succeeded to achieve approximately required contour, stop smoothing down hard putty the pallet as at too long smoothing down it will begin to harden, stick on the pallet and to roll down therefore the surface will be damaged. It is necessary to apply the subsequent, more thin film of hard putty after drying of the previous layer until the level of hard putty does not begin to act slightly over the processed site. After hard putty hardening its surplus needs to be removed with a metal scraper or a file. You carry out further processing, using a set of an emery paper. Begin processing with a coarse-grained emery paper, then fine-grained. Emery paper have on flat wooden whetstone, otherwise it is impossible to achieve a plain surface. On a closing stage of grinding the waterproof emery paper should be moistened with water periodically. It will give to the processed puttied surface special smoothness. The puttied dent has to be surrounded on perimeter with a layer of pure metal. For removal of dust and fats wash out the processed site water and wipe with the degreasing means. Raise dust on the site a thin layer of light soil. It will help to reveal all defects allowed when processing in hard putty. Level them by means of a new layer of hard putty and again to a zashkurta a surface.
After that the field of repair is ready to final painting. Aerosol putting paint has to be carried out in the warm, dry, windless and easy atmosphere. When carrying out painting indoors it is necessary to moisten half of the working platform with water for prevention of hit in dust air. When coloring only of one panel other parts of a body have to be covered from hit of paint on them with the newspaper attached by an adhesive tape. Before putting primer carefully mix it, apply on a trial surface and achieve that she laid down evenly. Put a thick layer of primer for what apply several thin films. Polish the grounded surface a waterproof emery paper. At the same time do not forget to sprinkle the ground area water and to periodically moisten an emery paper in water. Before further painting dry up the processed site. Put a paint coat with a spray. Necessary thickness of a paint coat is reached by drawing several thin layers. Coloring needs to be begun from the center of the processed surface and to move to edges back and forth motions until all painted surface and area at distance about 20 mm around it are not painted. Remove a protective film and newspapers 10–15 minutes later after drawing the last paint coat. Give the chance to fresh paint to harden within at least two weeks, then by means of an obnovitel of paint or thin abrasive polishing paste even the edges of the painted area to the level of old paint. Polish a surface.
Repair of considerable damages of a body
At considerable damages of a body and the need for replacement of a considerable part of details work needs to be carried out at car repair shop. If damage of a body are sustained as a result of strong blow, it is necessary to check the body sizes. Durability and a form of all body can change as a result of damage of separate details. Discrepancy to standard of strength characteristics and the sizes of a body can be the reason of impossibility of normal driving. Besides, uneven tension will influence steering, the engine, transmission and can be the reason of the increased wear and violation of their functions.