5.1. General information
On cars install six-cylinder diesel V-shaped engines with liquid cooling. Engines settle down in a motor compartment is longitudinal.
Cylinders of the engine are cast from gray cast iron for a single whole with the block of cylinders. Heads of the block of cylinders are made of light alloy and fasten to the block of cylinders bolts. In a head of the block of cylinders steel guides of the plug of valves are pressed. To the lower part of the block of cylinders of the engine the oil pallet consisting of two sections fastens. In it the oil necessary for lubricant and cooling of the engine flows down.
In engines the scheme of a cross stream at which air comes to engine cylinders on the one hand is used, and the fulfilled gases are removed on the other side of the engine. Nozzles give fuel directly to engine cylinders.
On each section of the block of cylinders the separate head of the block with two camshafts is established. The drive of camshafts of inlet valves is carried out by one gear belt. The drive of camshafts of final valves is carried out by the tooth gearing from camshafts of inlet valves.
Valvate gaps are regulated automatically by means of hydraulic pushers therefore manual adjustment is not required.
For supply of oil to the rubbing surfaces of the engine the oil pump put in action by a chain from a bent shaft serves. Under pressure oil moves on channels to bearings of cranked and distributive shaft.
Specifications
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Block of cylinders
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Internal diameter of the cylinder, mm:
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The 1st nominal
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78,306–78,310
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The 2nd nominal
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78,310–78,314
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The 1st increased
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78,346–78,350
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The 2nd increased
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78,350–78,354
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Pistons
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Diameter of the piston, mm:
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The 1st nominal
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78,253–78,261
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The 2nd nominal
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78,259–78,267
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The 1st increased
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78,293–78,301
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The 2nd increased
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78,299–78,307
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Piston rings
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Gap in locks of piston rings
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nominal / maximum permissible, mm:
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the top compression
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0,20–0,40/0,8
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the lower compression
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0,80–1,00/1,4
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oil scraper
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0,25–0,50/0,8
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Gap of rings in a piston flute
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nominal / maximum permissible, mm:
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the top compression
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0,100–0,136/0,150
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the lower compression
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0,045–0,085/0,110
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oil scraper
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0,025–0,065/0,090
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Head of the block of cylinders
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Deviation from planeness of a privalochny surface of a head of the block of cylinders, mm
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0,1
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Camshafts
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Axial gap, mm:
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nominal
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0,06–0,15
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maximum permissible
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0,3
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Radial gap, mm:
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nominal
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0,035–0,085
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maximum permissible
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0,1
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Bent shaft
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Diameter of radical necks, mm:
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nominal
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64,958–64,978
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The 1st repair
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64,708–64,728
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Diameter of conrod necks, mm:
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nominal
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57,958–57,978
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The 1st repair
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57,708–57,728
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Axial gap, mm:
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nominal
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0,090–0,251
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maximum permissible
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0,3
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Radial gap, mm:
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nominal
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0,018–0,045
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maximum permissible
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0,1
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Inhaling moments * main threaded connections, N · m
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Stopper of discharge of cooling liquid
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10
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Engine support to the lower frame
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25
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Drive plate to the hydrotransformer
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85
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Support of the compensator of torque of the engine to a frame
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40
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The generator to the engine:
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M8
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22
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M10
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45
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The conditioner compressor to an arm
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22
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The pump of the amplifier of steering to an arm
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22
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Pulley to the pump of the amplifier of steering
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22
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Reception exhaust pipe to a turbocompressor
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25
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Quencher of fluctuations to a pulley of a bent shaft
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22
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The device of a tension of a poliklinovy compressor belt to an arm
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22
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Bolt of fastening of a roller of a tension of a poliklinovy compressor belt of the conditioner
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22
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Arm of the pump of the amplifier of steering and the oil heat exchanger to the engine
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22
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Conditioner compressor arm to an arm of the pump of the amplifier of steering and the oil heat exchanger
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22
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The pump of the amplifier of steering to an arm
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22
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Pulley to the pump of the amplifier of steering
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22
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Bolt of fastening of a pulley of a gear belt to the camshaft
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75
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Bolts of fastening of a quencher of fluctuations on a pulley of the fuel pump
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22
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Bolts of fastening of an arm of the fan of a radiator with the viscous coupling:
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M6
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10
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M8
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22
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M10
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45
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The vacuum pump to a head of the block of cylinders
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10
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Bolts of fastening of the leading pulley of the fuel pump to a camshaft pulley
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22
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Tension roller of a gear belt of the fuel pump to a radiator fan arm with the viscous coupling
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36
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Bolt of fastening of a flywheel
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60 + to tighten on a corner 180 °
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Bolts of fastening of the vacuum pump
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10
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Bolts of fastening of forward section of an inlet collector
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10
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Bolts of fastening of the left section of an inlet collector
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10
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Bolts of fastening of the right section of an inlet collector
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10
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The valve of system of recirculation of the fulfilled gases (EGR) to an inlet collector
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22
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Fuel tubes to the fuel pump and nozzles
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30
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Bolts of fastening of the thermofilter to a turbocompressor
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10
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Bolts of fastening of an oil pipeline to an inlet collector
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22
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Nuts of fastening of a cover of a head of the block of cylinders
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10
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Tubes of return of fuel to fuel nozzles
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5
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Bolt of fastening of the directing pipe for the index (probe) of level of engine oil to a head cover
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10
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Bolts of fastening of an oil pipeline to a turbocompressor
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15
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Bolts of fastening of an arm of a turbocompressor to the block of cylinders
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22
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Candles heat vaniye
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18
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Nuts of fastening of covers of bearings of camshafts
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15
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Hairpins to головк е the block of cylinders
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5
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Nozzles to a head of the block of cylinders
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10
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* For other threaded connections the inhaling moments following, N · м:
M6 – 10; M8 – 20; M10 – 45; M12 – 65.